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雅思閱讀考試:簡單句中的省略
The meeting(being)over,we all left the room.
Tools(having been)carried,we went on our way to the fields.
雅思閱讀考試:從句中的省略
(1)賓語從句中的省略:
1)以“which/where/when/how/why”等引起的賓語從句,在其謂語動(dòng)詞與主句謂語動(dòng)詞相同時(shí),其后的主語和謂語可全部省略,而僅保留一個(gè)"wh-"詞。
She can’t come,but 1 wonder why(she can’t come).
He will be back,I don’t know when(he will be back).
2)在“I’m afraid,I believe,I expect,I fancy,I fear,I hope,I imagine,I should,I should say,I suppose,I think,I trust”之后的"not"等于一個(gè)否定的"that"從句,“so”等于一個(gè)肯定的"that"從句。
“Is he sick”一“I am afraid so.”(=I am afraid that he is sick.)
(2)定語從句中的省略:
定語從句中可以省略作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that。在非正式文體中,關(guān)系副詞“when/why也可以省略,關(guān)系代詞后面的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可以省略。
I shall never forget the day (when) we first met,
He gave the same answer as (he had given)before.
I like the place for the very reason(why)you dislike it.
(3)狀語從句中的省略:
在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方式、條件狀語從句中,如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致,或者從句的主語是“it” ,則從句中的動(dòng)詞“be”及其主語可以省略。
Any progress,however small (it may be),is important.
Change the form of the verbs where(it is)possible/necessary.
His opinion,whether(it is)fight or wrong,would be considered.
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省略結(jié)構(gòu)
在英語的行文中,大家常常被其中的詞的省略造成的麻煩所困擾。其實(shí)這種困擾主要出自我們對其英文行文表達(dá)習(xí)慣和修辭手法的不了解。一般說來,英語文中的省略需遵守兩個(gè)原則:一是這個(gè)詞可有可無,或者是多余的,總之就是少了它之后不會(huì)改變原文的意思,二是省略的詞義已經(jīng)在上下文中得到了充分的體現(xiàn)。這里舉個(gè)簡單的例子讓大家,先吃個(gè)開胃餐:
Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement.這句話的中文意思是獨(dú)自旅行的人,要是餓了、受傷了或者生病了,除了最近的小木屋或居民點(diǎn),常常無處求援。這個(gè)句子在if后面省略了he is,這是因?yàn)樵跁r(shí)間,地點(diǎn),條件,讓步,方式狀語從句中,如果從句的主語與主句的主語相同(或?yàn)閕t),而從句的謂語又含有be(包括聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be和助動(dòng)詞be),則可把“主語+be”省略掉。但要注意有一類句子和省略句有相似的地方,如:You must get out of the city, and that quickly.(你得出城,而且得快.)這樣的句子并不是省略句,因?yàn)楹笠痪渲杏衪hat代表了要表示的意思。
He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believe it, that the more extensive verifications are, that the more frequently experiments have been made and results of the same kind arrived at, that the more varied the conditions under which the same results have been attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further.
句子解析:在這句子由and連接的兩部分構(gòu)成,第一部分中although引導(dǎo)的其讓步作用的狀語從句將believes與其賓語部分分割開來,believe后面的賓語部分包括三個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句,和后面and前的部分,需要注意的是這里用了the more…the more…的結(jié)構(gòu),其中第二個(gè)the more子句中,arrived at省略了have been,而第三個(gè)the more子句中包含了一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
句子翻譯:他相信,盡管他或許不知道自己相信,驗(yàn)證范圍越廣泛,試驗(yàn)做得越多且得出的結(jié)果相同,而且得出同一結(jié)果的條件越是多樣化,則最終的結(jié)論就越肯定無疑,他再也不對這個(gè)問題提出質(zhì)疑了。
What is questioned is whether a country like Britain has a chance, assu...
為了幫助大家更好的備考雅思,出國留學(xué)網(wǎng)雅思欄目為大家整理了解讀雅思閱讀中的幾種“省略”,希望對大家有所幫助哦!
I、簡單句中的省略
The meeting(being)over,we all left the room。
Tools(having been)carried,we went on our way to the fields。
2、從句中的省略
(1)賓語從句中的省略:
1)以“which/where/when/how/why”等引起的賓語從句,在其謂語動(dòng)詞與主句謂語動(dòng)詞相同時(shí),其后的主語和謂語可全部省略,而僅保留一個(gè)"wh-"詞。
She can’t come,but 1 wonder why(she can’t come)。
He will be back,I don’t know when(he will be back)。
2)在“I’m afraid,I believe,I expect,I fancy,I fear,I hope,I imagine,I should,I should say,I suppose,I think,I trust”之后的"not"等于一個(gè)否定的"that"從句,“so”等于一個(gè)肯定的"that"從句。
“Is he sick”一“I am afraid so?!?=I am afraid that he is sick。)
(2)定語從句中的省略:
定語從句中可以省略作賓語的關(guān)系代詞that。在非正式文體中,關(guān)系副詞“when/why也可以省略,關(guān)系代詞后面的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可以省略。
I shall never forget the day (when) we first met,
He gave the same answer as (he had given)before。
I like the place for the very reason(why)you dislike it。
(3)狀語從句中的省略:
1)在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方式、條件狀語從句中,如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致,或者從句的主語是“it” ,則從句中的動(dòng)詞“be”及其主語可以省略。
Any progress,however small (it may be),is important。
Change the form of the verbs where(it is)possible/necessary。
His opinion,whether(it is)fight or wrong,would be considered。
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05-18
文章要做到簡潔,省略法(Ellipsis)是必用的。
英語句子中的某些成分因上下文已提供了充分明確的信息而不必出現(xiàn),或前面已出現(xiàn)的某些成分,為了避免不必要的重復(fù),可以不再出現(xiàn)而不致引起誤解或歧義,這種語言現(xiàn)象就叫作省略。例如:Glad to see you. 這是個(gè)簡單句,主語I和謂語am可以省略。再如:London is on the Themes,and Paris on the Seine. 這是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句,后半句省略了謂語動(dòng)詞is,因?yàn)榍懊嬉呀?jīng)出現(xiàn)過,后面不必重復(fù)。英譯漢時(shí),為了使譯文明確達(dá)意,符合漢語習(xí)慣,要在正確理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上,對原文中省略的部分或保留或補(bǔ)全,或?qū)ζ溥M(jìn)行靈活處理。
有人將英語句子中的省略現(xiàn)象歸納為21種,本章只涉及在英語閱讀中常遇到的比較復(fù)雜的省略現(xiàn)象。
1. The transcription needs a certain amount of editing,as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right,it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.
第一層:The transcription 主 needs 謂 a certain amount of 定 editing,賓 as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar 狀語從句 sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.
第二層:(狀語從句)as 引 even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right,狀語從句1 it 主 is 系 still not yet 狀 able 表 to do the work 賓 as well as an inte- lligent secretary . 狀語從句2
第三層:(狀語從句1)even if 引 the computer 主 can tell 謂 the difference 賓 between words of similar sounds 定 such as write and right 同位語
(狀語從句2)as well as 引 an intelligent secretary 主
要點(diǎn) 本句中as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,其中該句還帶有一個(gè)由even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;介詞短語between words of similar sounds修飾difference,such as write and right修飾words,as well as……為同等比較狀語從句,其中省略了與主句相同...
01-23
冠詞的省略
在下述情況下可以省略冠詞::
· 副詞性短語:: per pietà, di corsa, senza paura, 等等
· 含有概括性意義的由前置詞da 組成的詞組: carte da gioco, fare da segretario, comportarsi da sciocco.
· 表達(dá)時(shí)間的由前置詞da 組成的詞組: da giovane, da ragazza, 等等.
·某些表達(dá)地點(diǎn)的副詞性詞組中,特別是當(dāng)這些詞組由前置詞in引導(dǎo)時(shí): in chiesa, in ufficio, andare a casa, 等等
· 在類似parlare italiano, parlare russo 等的用法中
· 在舉例表達(dá)的用法中: parenti, amici, colleghi.
· 在表達(dá)親屬關(guān)系的單數(shù)物主形容詞前,但物主形容詞loro例外:
mio padre, tuo zio, nostra sorella, sua cugina
在復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)需加上定冠詞
i tuoi zii, le nostre sorelle, le sue cugine
物主形容詞Loro前在任何情況下都需要使用定冠詞
il loro zio, i loro zii, la loro sorella, le loro sorelle.
省略的部分推薦訪問